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← REACHABLE SNT vs ABLE ABLE Sim
What this decides

Should you use a Special Needs Trust, an ABLE account, or both?

Five short questions. The recommendation depends on how much money is involved, where it comes from, whether the beneficiary can manage funds independently, and how quickly access is needed.

1

How much money do you need to shelter or plan for?

Include current assets plus expected future contributions (inheritance, settlement, family gifts). If this is a working adult with monthly saving goals, use the annual amount.

2

Where is the money coming from?

This affects tax and eligibility rules. Third-party funds (family gifts, inheritance) have different rules than the beneficiary's own money.

3

Can the beneficiary manage money independently?

This affects whether a trustee is needed. ABLE accounts allow the beneficiary or an authorized representative to spend directly. Trusts require a trustee to approve every distribution.

4

Disability onset age

ABLE requires disability onset before age 46 (as of 2026). SNTs do not have an onset-age requirement.

5

How quickly is access needed?

ABLE distributions are same-day. SNT distributions require trustee approval and can take days or weeks. This affects usability for daily expenses.

Our recommendation

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Why this recommendation

Compare side by side

Amount heldABLE up to $100k SSI-safe · SNT unlimited
Annual contributionABLE $20k + $15,650 working · SNT unlimited
Source of fundsABLE anyone · SNT first-party or third-party rules differ
Who spendsABLE beneficiary · SNT trustee approves
Access speedABLE same day · SNT days to weeks
Setup costABLE zero · SNT $1,500 to $5,000
Annual feeABLE ~0.3 to 0.6% · SNT $500 to $3,000 flat + trustee fees
Medicaid paybackABLE first-party can be recovered · SNT first-party requires payback
Onset ageABLE before 46 · SNT any age
Related tools
REACHABLE is built by the RISEI Lab at Northwestern University with support from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services